MANEJO DE Heterodera glycines EMPREGANDO ENZIMAS HIDROLÍTICAS DE Trichoderma asperellum

Abstract

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is considered one of the major diseases of soybean crop due to the serious damage it can cause and its ease of dissemination. The objective of this work was to determine the potential of the hydrolytic enzymes produced by Trichoderma asperellum in the management of the SCN. The assay was carried out in the Laboratory of Protein Chemistry of the Federal University of Goiás and the fungus used was Trichoderma asperellum strain T00, provided by the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Federal University of Goiás. The T. asperellum spores were inoculated into flasks containing 100 mL of TLE liquid medium (Bacteriological peptone, urea, KH2PO4, (NH4)2SO4, (MgSO4)7H20, CaCl2-Anhydrous, Trace Elements Solution (0.01%), glucose, and chitin) and the chitin sources of the medium were ground chitin, ground chitin with H. glycines cysts and ticks. After the dialysis and lyophilization, small samples were separated to perform the enzymatic activity of the media produced. Tests with H. glycines were performed on Petri dishes with three replicates, and the cysts were put on filter paper. The inoculation of the enzymes was made at a dose of 10 microliters per plate, with the different treatments: enzymes produced from nematode cysts, ground chitin, and tick. The degraded cyst evaluations were done at 24-, 48-, and 72-hours after inoculation and counting the number of eggs per cyst was performed 72-hours after inoculation. The specific activity of the enzymes confirms the presence of glucanase, nagase and chitinase in the medium, and its use promoted a degradation of the nematode cysts, and the concentration of 20 mg / mL reduced the number of eggs of H. glycines.