Síntese de micropartícula de alginato com extrato de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai cepa ESALQ – 1306 para controle de Sclerotinia spp.

Abstract

Trichoderma has been used as a fundamental tool in biological control, as it has characteristics of controlling phytopathogens. There are still some limitations to the use of this fungus, and to overcome these barriers some tools have been used, as the development of polymeric microparticles based on Trichoderma extracts. To reduce the amount of available water, drying should be used to inhibit enzymatic activity and improve storage characteristics. Mathematical models are essential to describe the drying process and assist in the sizing of essential equipment for this function. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the fit of mathematical models to describe the drying process of alginate microparticles synthesized with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai extract. Among the models studied, the Wang & Singh model was the one that best represented the drying process of alginate microparticles synthesized with extracts of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain 1306 - ESALQ, as it presented the best fit to the proposed evaluation criteria. In which the AIC and BIC information criteria were adequate for the selection of a single model that represented the drying condition. Evaluating the effect of drying temperature on the growth inhibitory activity of Sclerotinia spp. of alginate microparticles synthesized with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai extract, it is observed that when dried at 40 °C, the microparticles at concentrations from 1000 to 5000 mg L-1 reached an inhibition percentage greater than 80%. When applied at a temperature of 60°C, concentrations above 2000 mg L-1 showed significant values of inhibition of phytopathogen growth. The temperature of 80°C provided the lowest values for the Sclerotinia spp. inhibition, confirming that temperatures above 40°C cause degradation of the protein compounds present in the extract of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain -1306 ESALQ. The use of alginate microparticles are efficient in the gradual release of secondary compounds, optimizing the presence of antimicrobial actives.