Atendimento obstétrico a parto distócico e rara ocorrência de Schistosomus reflexus em caprino: Relato de caso

Abstract

Problems that get in the way of the normal development of childbirth can lead to dystocia, which is characterized by difficulty during childbirth, where there is a risk of life or injury to the mother and child. Dystocia in small ruminants is classified according to its origin, being maternal or fetal. Regarding fetal causes, deformations of some parts of the fetus or its entire organism can prevent or hinder its passage through the fetal pathways, leading to a case of dystocia. Among the fetal malformations of greater obstetric importance, those characterized by exaggerated fetal development or those that significantly alter its anatomy are highlighted. Schistosomus reflexus is a rare and fatal congenital monstrosity, initially reported in ruminants, represented by a fetus with spinal folding, exposure of abdominal and thoracic viscera, limb ankylosis, hepatic and diaphragmatic hypoplasia, scoliosis and abnormalities of the digestive and genitourinary systems. Due to these changes in conformation, at the time of delivery, fetal dystocia is expected, requiring the intervention of a Veterinarian. It is believed that the causes of this anomaly are related to genetic, environmental factors or the interaction of both, acting in one or more stages of fetal development. Therefore, knowing the history and management used in the herd, especially pregnant females, is essential to diagnose and prevent these anomalies. This paper reports the case of a two-year-old female goat that presented dystocia and, after removal of the fetus, due to the general characteristics and necropsy findings, it was possible to conclude that it was a rare case of Schistosomus reflexus.