CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÔMICAS, HISTOQUÍMICAS E FITOQUÍMICAS DE Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart. (Bignoniaceae)

Abstract

C. antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart. It is a tree of the Bignoniaceae family, popularly known as Green Ipê, found in the Cerrado of Goiano. There is some information regarding the most used parts of the plant in medicinal therapies, such as its leaves and shells, due to their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticoagulant, anti-syphilitic and anti-epileptic medicinal potential. Thus, we aimed to discover the anatomy of the leaves and shell of C. antisyphilica and to investigate its chemical composition through histochemical and phytochemical analyses. The foram anatomical analyzes carried out using samples of leaves and shells being subjected to techniques used in plant anatomy and histochemistry. For chemical analysis, fresh samples of harvested plant material were submitted to phytochemical tests for the detection of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, cardiotonic glycosides, and terpenoids and steroids. The leaves of C. antisyphilica are hypostomatic, with anomocytic stomata, mesophyll with dorsiventral chlorophyllous parenchyma and collateral vascular feixes, presenting peltate-type trichomes restricted to the abaxial face. A casca presents secondary phloem with parenchymatic cells containing raphide-type crystals. The metabolites found predominantly foram, the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenes abundantly distributed in parenchymal cells, epidermal cells, suber cells and secondary phloem.