MODELAGEM POR MEIO DE INTELIGÊNCIA GEOESPACIAL PARA ESTIMAR A EROSÃO LAMINAR NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO GRANDE (ESTADO DE GOIÁS – BRASIL)

Abstract

Water erosion can cause negative environmental impacts, affecting human activities and environmental conservation in an area of ​​interest. Thus, the objective of this study was to map and analyze the potential and seasonal (dry and rainy season) and annual soil loss in the Córrego Grande watershed (BH), located in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás. Soil loss analysis was performed using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) hydrological model, considering natural factors: rainfall erosivity index (R factor), soil erodibility index (K factor), slope length (L ) and slope (S) (LS factor); and biotic and anthropic factors: land use, cover and management (C factor) and soil conservation practices (P factor). Potential erosion (natural physical factors) and actual erosion (considering natural and anthropic physical factors) were calculated for the year 2021. The generated products were analyzed and interpreted considering reference values ​​observed in the literature. About 62.95% of the potential erosion (EP) of BH is classified as low and 53.47% of the actual erosion (ER) is light. However, places with high values ​​of EP and RE were recorded, mainly in periods with high precipitation, environments with high erodibility values ​​and in places with the presence of human activities, such as agriculture and pasture. With this, it is suggested the adoption of conservationist measures integrated with environmental management in order to minimize the impacts present in the BH, given the strong anthropic influence that the BH is subjected.