TRIPES INCIDENTES EM SOJA NA REGIÃO SUDOESTE DE GOIÁS, INCLUINDO SOB DIFERENTES CULTIVARES

Abstract

Glycine max (Fabaceae) is currently the main commodity in the primary sector of the Brazilian economy. However, the protection of soybean plants against sources of biotic stress, such as virus-transmitting insects, still needs improvement. Thrips has been observed in more pronounced population outbreaks in the last three soybean crops in the Brazilian Midwest. Which is a real dilemma, as associations with resistance of most planted soybean genotypes are scarce. And other control methods, such as chemical, have led to the evolution of resistance in these insects. The present study, therefore, aimed to discover which are the species of thrips incident in soybean and what is the degree of hostability of the main cultivated genetic materials in the municipality of Mineiros, southwest of Goiás state, Brazil. Twenty-one super-early and early-cycle soybean cultivars were evaluated. Thrips were sampled at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 days after seed emergence (DAE). Yellow sticky traps were used. Frankliniella schultzei presented 61.38% of abundance in soybean plants, followed by Caliothrips brasiliensis (31.27%), Caliothrips phaseoli (5.38%), Thrips palmi (1.60%) and Arorathrips mexicanus (0.37%). The number of thrips trap-1, for each species, showed abundances dependent on the evaluated cultivars. The number of soybean cultivars where F. schultzei was collected was higher than for C. brasiliensis, A. mexicanus, T. palmi and, finally, C. phaseoli, in decreasing order, respectively. Based on the multivariate factorial index, the three cultivars with the lowest infestation potential were cv 8 (COD 4), cv 6 (M 6410 IPRO) and cv 14 (COD 3). According to what was presented in the heatmap, the highest positive correlation was recorded between the species Frankliniella schultzei and Caliothrips brasiliensis, both of which are the most abundant in soybean plants currently in Brazil. Our results are discussed with emphasis on the adoption of practices related to IPM. As an attempt to contain the imminent territorial expansion of these Thripidae in other Brazilian soybean producing areas.