QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE SOJA APÓS ARMAZENAGEM, SOB EFEITO DE DERIVA SIMULADA EM CAMPO DE 2,4-d E DICAMBA

Abstract

In places directed to seed production, a major aggravating factor faced during phytosanitary management is the possibility of derived from chemical pesticides, which can generate damage and damage to crops adjacent to the production field if applications are carried out under inadequate conditions. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of simulated drift of dicamba and 2,4-D herbicides on the physiological vigor of soybean seeds (Glycine max L. Merril) stored for 5 months. The drift was performed with 4 subdoses of (0.028, 0.28, 2.8 and 28 g of acid equivalent per hectare) in two phenological stages of the crop (V4 and R2) with the resulting seeds being evaluated immediately after harvest and after 5 months of storage at 10ºC. Both herbicides with all their subdoses applied reduced the physiological quality of the seeds, and the reduction was more expressive with the application of Dicamba, especially in the higher subdose applied in R2, which led to a 27% drop in germination and the electrical conductivity to practically triple in value, the application of 2.4-D reduced the vigor potential of the seeds in the tests, being, such a reduction of 29% in the emergence speed, 25% in the first count of the germination test and increasing electrical conductivity by 25%, and increases in the value of electrical conductivity indicate membrane degradation and intracellular fluid leakage.