CÍRCULO DE HOSPEDEIROS E IDENTIFICAÇÃO Cylindrocladium brasiliensis (Calonectria brasiliensis) ORIUNDO DE MORANGO INDIANO (Duchesnea indica)

Abstract

The Indian strawberry (Duchesnea indica - Rosaceae), has its center of origin in south and east Asia, the plant has characteristics very similar to wild strawberry, but the flowers are yellow, fruits rounder and more tasteless than a strawberry. The aim of this work was to evaluate the host circle and molecular identification of Cylindrocladium sp. from Indian strawberry (D. indica). The leaves were collected in July 2019 (Urutaí, GO) and analyzed using a stereoscopic microscope to prepare slides and isolate on water agar (AA). Axenic cultures were prepared on potato-dextrose-agar (BDA). In microscopic slides, a morphological and morphometric description of the isolate was made, identifying it as Cylindrocladium sp. and characterizing it according to morphological and morphometric aspects. To prove the pathogenicity and circle of hosts by the detached leaf method, mycelium discs were inoculated into healthy leaves of 14 host species, in treatments with and without injury. They were evaluated for a period of seven days allowing the calculation of pathogenicity, incubation and latency period, AACPD and TIA. DNA was extracted from axenic and pure cultures, amplified to three gene loci and sequencing was carried out. The fungus presented. short conidiophores, arranged in pairs or showing three branches, each producing a simple, cylindrical spore facing the apex, presenting a septum, obtuse hyaline, and with dimensions of 5,878 x 149,23 m, ellipsoidal terminal vesicle of dimensions 9,297 x 24,043 m, conidium with dimensions 3,614 x 43,202 m. After 48 hours of (latency period) it was observed that the isolate was pathogenic in all tested plants. The AUDCL values had made it possible to recognize the hosts cassava, gourd, Trindade Scorpion pepper and strawberry as more susceptible, and rough rose and peach as more resistant to the isolate from Indian strawberry. Morphological and molecular analysis identified Cylindrocladium brasiliensis (= C. scoparum var. brasiliensis), and this is the first record of occurrence in Indian strawberries (Duchesnea indica), in addition to being artificially pathogenic in cassava, guava, peach, strawberry, gourd, pepper Trindade Scorpion, Eucalyptus globulus, Rosa chinensis, Rosa x grandiflora, R. banksiae, R. rugosa, R. wichuraiana and R. rouletti.