ADAPTABILIDADE E ESTABILIDADE DE CULTIVARES DE MARACUJAZEIRO-AZEDO EM CONDIÇÕES CONTRASTANTES DE ADUBAÇÃO FOSFATADA

Abstract

Sour passion fruit is a fruit with high added value that represents a lot of relevance for the Brazilian economy. As a consequence, its importance reflects both in the social level, as well as in the generation of income in family agriculture and its people. Considering the cultural requirements of the species, and the conditions of many Brazilian soils regarding phosphorus, this work aimed to identify the adaptability and stability of five commercial cultivars in environments with low and high phosphorus content. For this verification, the GGE Biplot methodology was used, a multivariate method based on principal component analysis that has shown high efficiency in the analysis of adaptability and stability of cultivars in breeding programs. The agronomic characteristics of fruit mass and percentage of pulp were more significant, while total soluble solids did not vary much depending on the phosphorus environment, the physiological variables evaluated showed little influence of phosphate fertilization. The UENF Rio Dourado cultivar stood out for having adaptability in both environments with good stability performance, with the difference of having a higher total weight of the fruit in pulp. This highlight can be inferred from the fact that it has a broad genetic base, providing greater adaptability plasticity. It is noteworthy that it showed high scores of pulp percentage, as well as fruit sweetness, even under low phosphate fertilization conditions. This fact can be attributed to the fact that the respective cultivar is an open pollination variety, which has a genetic blend that gives superior rusticity and also allows small fruit growers to use the seeds in their subsequent production.