DESENVOLVIMENTO, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE MATERIAL CERÂMICO PIEZOELÉTRICO

Abstract

This study aims to develop a piezoelectric ceramic material (based on lead zirconate titanate) that will have as its purpose a sensor and by working its application, with the help of an electronic prototyping platform (arduino), the sensor can generate an electrical voltage in response to mechanical pressure, giving indications that the sensor can be used to detect structural failures. The ceramic powder was prepared by mixing oxides (PbO, ZrO2 and TiO2), respecting the defined composition, being Pb(Zr0,55Ti0,45)O3. The powders were calcined at 850°C for 2h and pressed in tablet form, which were then sintered at 1150°C for 2h. Structural (DRX and Raman), microstructural (SEM, EDS and WDS) and dielectric characterization tests were performed, after the development and characterization of the ceramic material, it was applied/assessed with the aid of an arduino. The DRX results demonstrated the formation of the desired PZT phases, Raman spectroscopy confirmed the rhomboid phase of the material, presenting its characteristic modes and the expected parameters. In SEM analysis the morphology of the material was analyzed, a significant increase in the average grain size (4.68 μm- Sintered wafer) was also observed when compared to the average particle size of the calcined sample (1.57 μm). With the EDS it was possible to identify the reagents present in different points of the material, the EDS data were quantitatively improved with the aid of the WDS assay, where the average percentage of each reagent identified in different points analyzed in the sample (68.54% of PbO; 19.36% of ZrO2 and 11.11% of TiO2) presents values close to the quantity established at the beginning of the study. The dielectric properties assay showed a high permissiveness for the material and in fact it is in the predicted composition (55/45), besides confirming a material in its rhomboid phase, the comparison of the results was made based on the PZT phase diagram. The application was made with the arduino help, where a maximum force and known value (0.0670N) was applied on the sensor, then the arduíno captured the results emitted by the sensor in the form of electrical potential, where the maximum value of pressure resulted in a response of 5v. In view of these results, the material produced here presents a potential to be used as a vibration sensor to detect possible structural failures.