EXTRAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS ATIVOS DE COCOS DE GUARIROBA UTILIZANDO CO2 SUPERCRÍTICO E PROPANO SUBCRÍTICO

Abstract

WENCESLAU, BRUNO RODRIGUES. Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Rio Verde - GO, (31/07/2020) Active compounds extraction of guariroba coconuts using supercritical CO2 and pressurized liquid propane. Advisor: Dr. Rogério Favareto. Coadvisor: Dr. Celso Martins Belisário The objective for this work was to evaluate the efficacy of supercritical method and pressurized liquids in oil extraction from guariroba coconuts (Syagrus oleracea Becc) which is a palm belonging the family Arecaceae distributed in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. It was used carbon dioxide in the supercritical state and pressurized liquid propane as solvents for coconut oil extraction. Oil extracted with supercritical CO2 was obtained in a pressure range of 180 to 240 bar and temperatures of 313–333 K. The highest yield (48%) was obtained for the extraction condition of 240 bar and 333.15 K. There were no changes in the fatty acid content under different experimental conditions. The fatty acids found in a higher proportion for supercritical extraction were acid lauric (50.5%) and oleic (15.1 %) and presence of β-sitosterol phytosterols. (34.7 mg.100g-1 ). There are several studies that use subcritical propane as an extraction solvent due to its isolating power of vegetable oils. The oil extracted with subcritical propane was obtained in a pressure range of 60 to 100 bar and temperatures of 313–333 K. The highest yield (50%) was obtained for the extraction condition of 60 bar and 333.15 K. The fatty acid profile determined in the oil samples extracted by liquid propane and showed that there were no changes in fatty acid content under different experimental conditions. The fatty acids found in a higher proportion were fatty acid lauric (48.1 %) and oleic (15 %) and presence of β-sitosterol phytosterols (32.6 mg.100g-1 ). The model proposed by Sovová was adjusted to the kinetic curves of experimental extractions. KEY WORDS: Syagrus oleracea Becc, Supercritical extraction, Agrochemistry, mathematical modeling, propane, carbon dioxide, β-sitosterol.