PROSPECÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA E ATIVIDADES BIOLÓGICAS DE EXTRATOS DAS FOLHAS DA Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. -Hill (Rutaceae)

Abstract

Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hill. (Rutaceaea), popularly known as “manacá do cerrado” is a native plant from central Cerrado found in the form of shrub. Used in popular medicine in the form of tea as a complementary therapy for medicinal treatments and herbal purposes. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to carry out the morpho-anatomical study, which allowed us to verify that S. odoratissima has a subshrub habit presenting between 1.2 to 1.5 m in height, the leaves are alternate, composed, trifoliated, cardiac and concolor, in addition to demonstrating that the leaf blade has only one primary vein, on average from ten to fifteen secondary veins, unilobulated, coriaceous, of the convex type, simple leaf organization, petiole with swollen base. In addition, the aqueous, methanolic, hydroethanolic extract, ethyl acetate and hexagon of S. odoratissima leaves stand out for the presence of the following metabolic secondary metabolites: sesquiterpenlactones, flavonols and purine compounds. For the tests of antioxidant activity, the classic methodologies were used: ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hudrazil (DPPH), the extract that showed less activity was exhibited by the hexane extract with IC50 = 1550.80 μg / mL by DPPH and IC50 = 890.42 μg / mL by ABTS. The highest antioxidant activity was attributed to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 3.18 μg / mL by DPPH and IC50 = 23.81 μg / mL by ABTS). For testing antimicrobial activities against Listeria monocytogenes, the most polar extracts showed high activity, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) varying between 12.5 and 62.5 μg / mL. Thus, it is confirmed that the data obtained in this dissertation constitute rigorous information that enriches the research allowing the use of the results in future works.