ESTUDO E APLICAÇÕES DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE Eugenia dysenterica DC E EXTRATOS VEGETAIS DE Capsicum chinense JACQ

Abstract

Essential oils and plant extracts are natural products that can be extracted from plants. The Myrtaceae family and the Capsicum genus species present a wide variety of bioactive compounds with biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, trypanocidal and antifungal. With this, it is possible to extract the essential oil from the dry leaves of E. disenterica DC and prepare extracts of C. chinense to evaluate its chemical and biological properties. The OE-Ed was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the pepper extracts were prepared using the maceration process with different solvents and their respective yields were calculated. A flame ionization detector was used to identify the chemical composition of OE-Ed by gas chromatography (CG/FID) and mass spectrometry by gas chromatography (CG/EM). Then in vitro biological activities were investigated against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and bacteria of the genus Streptococcus. A liquid chromatograph coupled to the high-resolution mass spectrometer (CL-EM) analyzed the EECC chemical profile and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. In addition, biodegradable films were prepared by incorporating EECC into arrowroot biofilms. The EHCC, EACC and EMCC antifungal activity were evaluated against the fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Colletotrichum gloesporioides. As a result, OE-Ed presented a total of 24 compounds, was highly active when tested against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and moderate action against oral pathogens. The species C. chinense showed a high concentration of polar chemical substances in relation to nonpolar substances. The EECC demonstrated promising antioxidant activity according to the tests carried out, due to the phenolic compound high concentration present in the beak pepper. The EECC high antioxidant activity was expressed in IC50 values (µg / mL) for DPPH reagents (IC50 = 18.04 µg / mL), ABTS (IC50 = 25.33 µg / mL) and FRAP (IC50 = 128.58 µg / mL). The films obtained by the Casting technique and incorporated with EECC, proved to be uniform, with a granular structure in the surface area and slight roughness as the concentration of the extract increased, these showed an increase in the aspects thickness, color and variable moisture content, in addition to decreased solubility. The EHCC, EACC and EMCC extracts showed mycelial inhibition percentage for the fungus S. sclerotiorum, however, nonpolar extracts showed the best activities. For fungi R. stolonifer and C. gloesporioides only the EHCC showed activity.