AVALIAÇÃO ECOTOXICOLÓGICA DE CONTAMINANTES AMBIENTAIS EM POPULAÇÕES DE PEIXES DE ÁREA URBANA

Abstract

Urban activities generate pollution to aquatic ecosystems putting the integrity of organisms at risk. The use of cytological techniques, such as the analysis of blood cell integrity from the Micronucleus test, can assist in the detection of nuclear erythrocyte changes and mutations in animals at the genetic level, as a reflection of exposure to toxic compounds. In this study, this technique was used to evaluate the effects of urban effluents on a population of fish, which were also collected and evaluated under laboratory conditions. The comparison took place between the same individuals in situ, and after 30 and 45 days of these animals in recovery. We found that there was no difference regarding the frequency of micronucleus in the animals on the day of capture in relation to the animals that remained for a recovery period (p> 0.05). On the other hand, other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, such as nuclear bubble, reniform, lobed nucleus, binucleated, notched, segmented were more frequent in the animals on the day of collection when compared to those recovered. These results show that animals are at risk when exposed to urban xenobiotics, however, they are able to recover with the restoration of environmental quality and over time.