CONVERGÊNCIA ENTRE TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E TECNOLOGIA DE AUTOMAÇÃO: PROTOCOLOS DE INTEGRAÇÃO E DESAFIOS DE SEGURANÇA CIBERNÉTICA

Abstract

The convergence of Information Technology (IT) and Automation Technology (AT) is fundamental to Industry 4.0, as it enables the integration of corporate data and industrial systems, thereby facilitating monitoring, decision-making, and operational efficiency. However, this integration also increases exposure to cyberattacks, leaving control systems, sensors, PLCs, and industrial networks more vulnerable to digital threats. This study analyzes the key protocols used in IT-AT convergence—specifically OPC UA, EtherNet/IP, Profinet, and Modbus TCP - evaluating their advantages, limitations, and suitability for secure integration. The research was conducted through a qualitative and descriptive literature review based on technical literature, standards, and security reports published between 2022 and 2026. The results indicate that OPC UA is the most suitable protocol for secure integration between industrial and corporate environments, particularly when combined with network segmentation, an industrial Zero Trust DMZ, and IEC 62443 guidelines.