A TRANSFORMAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NO SETOR BANCÁRIO: UMA ANÁLISE DAS TECNOLOGIAS, COMPUTAÇÃO EM NUVEM, INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E BIG DATA

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate emerging information technologies, such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and Big Data, which contribute to and impact the Brazilian banking sector between 2020 and 2024, focusing on the role of fintechs and the digitalization of banking services. A qualitative, exploratory, and interpretative research approach was adopted, with content analysis based on secondary data from articles and databases provided by FEBRABAN (2025) and B3 (2025). The study also analyzed how digital innovations boosted the growth of the banking sector and created new digital products, leading to changes in the relationship between the sector, customers, and investors, as well as changes in transaction processing time and product usage. Furthermore, challenges related to digital security, algorithmic governance, and ethics in the application of automated systems were examined. The results indicated that cloud computing technologies, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), and Big Data have evolved from support tools into the core of banking operations, transforming the way the sector is structured, interacts with customers, and makes decisions. The incorporation of these emerging digital technologies reshaped the sector, increased strategic and operational banking efficiency and effectiveness, reduced costs, and expanded financial inclusion, while also requiring greater responsibility, transparency, ethics, and regulatory compliance from institutions. It is concluded that the use of technological innovations by fintechs promoted a digital evolution, expanded access, reduced barriers, and encouraged a new culture of financial education. Technological transformations in the banking sector are therefore characterized as an irreversible structural and cultural change that requires the sector to maintain balance and the ability to combine innovation and social responsibility within a collaborative ecosystem that brings together modernity, inclusion, and sustainability through technological innovation strategies implemented by individuals working in traditional banks, fintechs, and regulatory agencies.