RUPTURA FISIOLÓGICA NO TEGUMENTO E TRATAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA: INFLUÊNCIA NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA

Abstract

Soybean is one of the main crops responsible for the increase in cultivated area and grain production in Brazil. Given this magnitude, the use of superior quality seeds becomes paramount. Physiological rupture in the seed coat, characterized by fissures, has generated concerns regarding its impact on the physiological quality of soybean seeds. This study aimed to evaluate seeds with physiological rupture (PR) and no physiological rupture (NPR) in the seed coat, as well as their interaction with chemical and biological treatments, and their influence on physiological quality. The analyses were carried out in a laboratory accredited by MAPA in the municipality of Rondonópolis - MT, using the cultivar 80I82RSF IPRO (Olimpo), in a 3×3 two-factor scheme, corresponding to PR seeds, NPR seeds, and the original batch (OB), combined with three treatments (no treatment, Fortenza® Elite, and Standak Top® + Votivo). The seeds were visually separated according to seed coat integrity, treated with the chemical products, and subjected to germination, accelerated aging, seedbed emergence, and imbibition curve tests. PR seeds showed lower germination (75%) compared to NPR seeds (86%) and the OB (81%). Fortenza® Elite reduced vigor in NPR seeds but demonstrated a protective effect on PR seeds under accelerated aging. Standak Top® + Votivo provided greater seedling emergence in the seedbed (93%), regardless of the seed coat condition. It is concluded that seed coat integrity determines the physiological quality of soybean seeds, and the treatment with Standak Top® + Votivo represents the most effective strategy to ensure crop establishment, even in seed batches with physiological rupture in the seed coat.