PRODUTIVIDADE DA SOJA SOB A BIOMASSA DE FORRAGEIRAS EM SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO LAVOURA PECUÁRIA E DO MILHO

Abstract

Integrated no-till farming systems can increase land use efficiency and increase farm income. Within the systems, we highlight the diversification of forages implanted after the soybean harvest. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the production, biomass decomposition, C: N ratio and agronomic characteristics of soybean under forage biomass in a livestock crop integration system compared to that produced in succession to corn. The experiment was conducted at the Institute of Science and Technology with Me (ITC), in Rio Verde-GO. The experiment was conducted in the 2018/2019 crop, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of three cultivation systems, namely: integration of livestock with two forages: paiaguás grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás); Tamani grass (Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani) and maize in monoculture. The forages were planted after the 2017/2018 harvest on February 28, 2018 and the corn crop on March 1, 2018, using the hybrid AG 7098 PRO2. After the forage development, at 84 days after sowing, 20 cattle for direct grazing were inserted into the system. The animals remained in the experimental area from May to August 2018 and, subsequently, the forages were rested for regrowth and biomass formation, for subsequent soybean planting. Already the corn was harvested in August. The results showed that paiaguás grass presented higher biomass production. However, soybean yield was higher in paiaguás and tamani grass biomass. The diversification of forage crops in succession to soybean compared to corn cultivation in monoculture in the second crop proved to be a promising cultivation technique, favoring soybean yield and maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems.