ÁCIDOS ORGÂNICOS NA AQUICULTURA: BILIOMETRIA E REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing agricultural activities in recent years, encompassing a lot of commercially important species. Its growth is driven by the rapid achievement of productive results, as many species are cultivated in short cycles and exhibit high feed conversion efficiency. In this context, food safety concerning microbiological variables is of utmost importance, as it is a highly perishable food that requires adequate quality control. Among the food quality assessment parameters, those related to microbiological quality stand out as the most significant, as they provide crucial information that allows for evaluation at various stages, including raw material acquisition, processing, storage, and distribution for consumption, considering shelf life and the associated health risks. Antimicrobials are essential for maintaining human and animal health; however, microbial resistance to antibiotics is a challenge to their effectiveness. In light of this, some alternatives have been explored, such as the use of organic acids. These compounds are already in use in some animal species, aiming to reduce or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. In aquaculture, their use has been gaining increasing traction as a feed additive due to their effectiveness in improving zootechnical performance, modulating microbiota, and increasing animal survival rates. However, given the variability of results found in the literature regarding the effectiveness of organic acids in aquaculture whether in improving zootechnical performance or enhancing resistance to pathogenic challenges, this work aims to deepen the understanding of their use and impact, conducting a bibliometric analysis and systematic review that identifies scientific trends and challenges surrounding the topic. Beyond the academic context, the sustainability of organic acid use contributes to the teaching of Green Chemistry, providing students with a broader perspective on the role of chemistry in reducing environmental impacts in animal production. Using these compounds as an alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture is a strategy to minimize antimicrobial resistance and reduce chemical residues in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, addressing this topic in the classroom can stimulate reflections on sustainable practices and the application of Green Chemistry principles in aquaculture, preparing students for a critical and innovative view of the future of aquaculture production.