OTIMIZAÇÃO DE ESTRUTURA METÁLICA - TRELIÇA ÓTIMA - UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS

Abstract

Structures associated with civil construction are always looking for efficiency in terms of safety and economy. In this sense, engineering, through analytical, empirical, and numerical methods, has sought to optimize the structure in search of the lowest cost and greatest possible safety. An important structural element in the construction of warehouses, for example, is the truss, which is widely used to overcome considerable spans and stresses in structures, validating the search for an optimal combination that overcomes stresses and saves material application and design time. The aim of this work is to study the optimization of metal trusses with tubular sections using heuristic methods known as genetic algorithms (GA). The finite element method (FEM) will be used to calculate displacements and stresses. By combining the FEM with the GA, the best configuration of the truss type can be determined, which will generate a structure that combines safety with the lowest possible cost. To achieve the expected results, a thorough systematic review was carried out to determine the state of the art in structural truss optimization. This text is divided into three parts, with the research project representing the initial chapter, and two chapters representing journal articles.