ANÁLISES FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DE ETANOL E GASOLINA TIPO C ORIUNDOS DE QUATRO DIFERENTES POSTOS DA CIDADE DE GOIATUBA-GOIÁS

Abstract

A study of fuel analysis was carried out: Gasoline and Hydrated Ethanol Fuel. Gasoline is one of the most used fuels in the world, originating from the fractional distillation of petroleum. This adustable fuel was for a long time the most used until the oil crisis that occurred in the 70s, but to this day it is one of the market leaders. Hydrated Fuel Ethanol appears as an alternative to gasoline, its raw material in Brazil is sugar cane, which is processed in alcohol and sugar plants responsible for distributing this fuel to other locations. When comparing the advantages between these two fuels, alcohol has greater environmental appeal, while gasoline has better performance due to its properties such as octane, but on the other hand it is responsible for emitting gases that are extremely harmful to the environment. Two main tests and another five were carried out at the Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Morrinhos, using samples collected from four different gas stations named A, B, C and D. Thus, it was possible to analyze which samples of alcohol and gasoline were in compliance or not the standard established by the National Petroleum Agency (ANP), guiding the methodological procedures in two ABNT standards, such as NBR 13992 and 5992. Where NBR 13992 referred to the procedure for testing the anhydrous ethanol content in gasoline and 5992 to alcohol content in ethanol, characterizing the two main analyses. While other analyzes carried out were Refractive Index, Density, Relative Viscosity, pH test and Hierarchical Analysis of the RGB Spectrum that helped our results so that there could be more possible data for comparison. Therefore, through the experimental tests carried out, it was possible to determine for each of the fuels the possible conformities or non-modifications attributed to each of them, where the ethanol samples do not show signs of adulteration being tested and approved in all tests, but in contrast to the Four gasoline samples showed three indications of possible adulteration, where only one of these samples met all pre-established ANP requirements.