FITONEMATOIDES EM ÁREAS DE CULTIVO DE HORTALIÇAS (RAÍZES, TUBÉRCULOS E FRUTOS) NA REGIÃO DO ALTO URUGUAI CATARINENSE

Abstract

ABSTRACT

SCHNEIDER, PAULO. Instituto Federal Goiano, (Goiano Federal Institute), Morrinhos Campus, November, 2018. Phytonematodes in areas cultivated with vegetables (roots, tubers and fruit), in the region of Alto Uruguai Catarinense, Brazil. Advisor: Prof. Dr. Silva, Rodrigo Vieira da.

Olericulture is distributed in small land areas where labor is mostly familiar. Vegetable production is usually for providing subsistence, and the surplus is commercialized. However, Olericulture in these areas represents a growing activity due to the demand from the local consumer marketplace, which is largely supplied by Centrais Estaduais de Abastecimento [State Supply Centers (CEASA, Brazilian acronym)] in Curitiba City, Brazil. Phytonematodes are among the biological agents that cause loss in this activity. In the Alto Uruguai Catarinense region, there are no records of studies on the occurrence and identification of nematodes related to vegetables. Thus, this study aimed to carry out a survey and identification of nematode genera in vegetable (roots, tubers, and fruit) cultivation area in the Alto Uruguai Catarinense region. Samplings were carried out on fifty farms, comprising fourteen municipalities: (a) Concordia; (b) Arabutã; (c) Ipumirim; (d) Lindoia do Sul; (e) Irani; (f) Presidente Castelo Branco; (g) Jaborá; (h) Peritiba; (i) Ipira; (j) Piratuba; (k) Alto Bela Vista; (l) Seara; (m) Itá; and (n) Xavantina, from September 2017 to April 2018. In each farm, fifteen to twenty subsamples were taken to compose a final sample of 500 g of soil and 100 g of roots. From the samples, nematodes were extracted from soil and roots, moved to a biological slide, and analyzed using a photonic microscope. Identification of the genera was carried out using the phytonematode identification key. Free-living nematodes were found in all samples, and phytoparasite nematodes were found in forty-eight samples. The most important genera found were Helicotylenchus (53.99%), Aphelenchus (26.76%), Pratylenchus (8.31%), and Hemicycliophora (6.5%.) It is worth noting the high incidence of the Helicotylenchus genus and the absence of the Meloidogyne genus. This study provided data to the knowledge of the occurrence and spread of the main genera of phytonematodes in vegetables (roots, tubers, and fruit) in the Alto Uruguai Catarinense region. This data will be usefull to provide subsidy for more appropriate and efficient phytonematodes management, as well as alerting horticulturists to the importance of this worm and preventing its spread.