LESÕES PODAIS NA BOVINOCULTURA

Abstract

Cattle farming is one of the sectors that most moves the Brazilian economy. In this sense, the adoption of good sanitary practices guarantee the quality and health of the herd, preventing the proliferation of diseases, which in addition to compromising the health of the animal, can also harm the profitability of the rancher. Among these diseases caused by the lack of sanitary management of cattle are digital diseases. With this, the objective was to carry out a review on foot problems in cattle hoofs, with the perspective of evaluating the occurrence of risk factors, digital lesions, means of prevention, diagnosis and treatment in intensively managed cattle. The main foot injuries are affected due to the weakening of the animals' hooves, caused by numerous factors such as genetics, management, environment, as well as diets that can compromise the structure of the hoof. There are several diseases that can affect the hooves of cattle, among them the most common are: laminitis, sole ulcers, white line disease, hoof rot, digital and interdigital dermatitis. The best method of prevention is to avoid lactic acidosis, as well as trimming and the use of footbaths at the entrances and exits of the offices. The diagnostic symptoms are accompanied by the manifestation of pain and anxiety, with muscle tremor, sweating and increased heart and respiratory rate. Affected hooves are warm and have visible signs of inflammation above them. The animal is reluctant to move, remains lying down most of the time, struggling to walk and walks on its heels. As for the treatment, there must be cleaning of erosions and necrotic tissue, in the entire region of the heels, and antibiotic approaches. It is concluded that in cattle breeding there are numerous risk factors, which cause the occurrence of foot injuries on the animals' hooves. The main factor in the occurrence of lameness is the soil moisture, especially when the animals are confined. And consequently presenting laminitis problems among other diseases harmful to the zootechnical performance of bovines.