MANGANÊS NA DIETA DE TOUROS EM REPRODUÇÃO

Abstract

Among the various minerals evaluated before animal supplementation, essentially in bulls, manganese (Mn) is beneficial for the proper functioning of several biological systems, making it possible to establish its relationship with skeletal development and its action on the nervous, immune and nervous systems. endocrine hormone, in addition to being a precursor to the sex hormone testosterone. Mn is an indispensable mineral element in cattle feeding, functionally activating or integrating with metalloenzymes that trigger processes in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. In addition, Mn acts in the blood clotting cascade, in the development and maturation of chondrocytes, and in cell protection against damage caused by free radicals. It is also known that Mn acts positively on the reproduction of animals. However, its harmful and beneficial physiological effects for bulls are not yet well established. This work aimed to review in the literature the influence of manganese on the reproduction of bulls. It is seen that manganese plays an essential role in the physiological processes of cattle, protein synthesis and processing, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism. In reproduction, this mineral can be correlated with the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane, in addition to being involved in the metabolism of the main organic components that make up this membrane, increasing bovine libido and sperm resistance. Marginal nutritional deficiencies may be manifested by reduced fertility before other clinical signs appear. Calves can be born with defects related to the inadequate supply of a nutrient without the sow ever showing clinical deficiency. Calves born to manganese-deficient cows show weakness and severe limb deformities, such as short limbs, enlarged and swollen joints, and flexion deformities. In short it is demonstrated by the literature that, in safe concentrations, this mineral plays a relevant role not only in testicular anatomical formation, but also in the maintenance of spermatozoa, as well as in their survival. It has also been seen that, in inadequate concentrations, manganese can impair the reproductive performance of bulls.