FUNGOS ASSOCIADOS A ESTRUTURAS VEGETATIVAS DA Portulaca umbraticola e Portulaca grandiflora SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES TIPOS DE ADUBAÇAO E FREQUÊNCIA DE REGA

Abstract

The occurrence of fungal diseases is one of the limiting factors for “eleven hours” cultivation (Portulaca spp..), an ornamental succulent herbaceous, which has shown importance in the decades regarding its level of use, and cultivation. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the incident fungal population (beneficial or pathogenic) associated with the vegetative structures of Portulaca umbraticola and Portulaca grandiflora, submitted to different types of fertilization (organic: bovine, poultry and inorganic: NPK) and watering frequency (abundant and moderate) with 6 repetitions. In a completely randomized design (CID) under a 3x2 factorial, the amount of colony forming units (CFU) of filamentous fungi associated with the leaves, stems and roots of the plant were determined. In the same way, the frequencies of observation of symptoms of fungal diseases in the specimen of interest were measured and isolation was provided to identify the microorganism. 1g were sampled and weighed. Then, plated aliquots of the dilution and inoculation in Sabouraud agar for 72 hours. Mycelial fungi were determined by the CFU counting method and identified through microculture and recognized via an optical microscope, after performing dry smears, using the Gram method. They were tabulated in a Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet and analyzed using the R statistical software. In the statistical results it was observed that P. grandiflora showed a lower resistance than P. umbraticola to fungal incidence. Since the occurrence of fungi found in P. umbraticola is linked to the vigor of watering and the source of fertilization. Especially when there is water scarcity and NPK fertilization and poultry manure. As for P. grandiflora, a showed that the relationship between watering and the source of fertilizer was not serious, with the only relevant factor being constant watering. In addition, fertilization showed a similar effect. With regard to the identification of fungi, 164 isolates were classified. And found 24 fungal genera in the samples. Among these, the genus Aspergillus spp. with (46%) of the total plot had the highest prevalence, followed by the genus Cladosporium spp. (19%), and Acremonium spp. (17%). Phialophora spp. (7%), Gliocladium spp. (6%), Penicillium spp. (4%), and Fusarium spp. were less frequent. Milk and cinnamon proved to be efficient in controlling most fungal genera tested and associated with diseases in Eleven hours.