FENÓLICOS TOTAIS E CAPACIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRATOS DE CASCA, FOLHA E FRUTO DE MURICIZEIRO

Abstract

The objective of this work was to quantify the total phenolic compounds and to verify the antioxidant activity in different concentrations of aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extract of fruits, leaves and bark of the stem of the Cerrado muricizeiro (Byrsonima verbassifolia, Malpighiaceae). The samples were collected in the Ouroana-GO District and submitted to drying in a greenhouse with forced air circulation. The extractions were performed with 92.8% ethanol, water and a water / ethanol mixture (65/35%) in a water bath at 60 ° C. The ethanolic extracts were dried on rotary steam at 45 ° C and the others were lyophilized. The determination of the total phenolic content in the different extracts was done by means of spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was verified by the methods of capture of the stable radical DPPH and by the b-carotene / linoleic acid method. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and the means treated by the Tukey test at 5% of probability (p <0.05). The total phenolic contents showed a significant difference between the parts of the plant, being higher the value found in the extract of the stem bark, followed by the fruit and leaf. The antioxidant activity by DPPH presented differences only in the ethanolic extract of the leaf and in the aqueous extract of the fruit of the muricizeiro, being the major activities of the hydroethanolic extracts. The percentage of antioxidant inhibition by the aqueous-lipid method showed differences between the parts of the plant, and the greater inhibition of its with the stem bark extract. The results indicated elevated antioxidant potential of the extracts of stem bark and fruits of the muricizeiro, mainly in aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts. From the results evaluations, the studied plant acquires prominence as promising in research on functional foods, since it can be an important inhibitor of free radicals.