INTELIGÊNCIA GEOESPACIAL APLICADA AO PLANEJAMENTO E À GESTÃO DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO MONTIVIDIU, SUDOESTE GOIANO

Abstract

The Montividiu River is the main source that meets the water demand (60 L.s-1) of the urban population of Montividiu city, which is in the Southwest micro-region of the Goiás State and with an economy based on agribusiness. In the hydrographic basin of this water body, water captures for agricultural production are also observed. Thus, this project aims to analyze the relationships between physical aspects, human actions, and conservation of the Montividiu River basin, Southwest Goiano, Brazil. For this, products from remote sensing, the Cross Tabulation Matrix method, and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) were used. The morphometric variables are predominantly favorable to the conservation of the study area due to the low slope, the maintenance condition of the water body and the types of soils. However, the extension of the main channel and the altimetric amplitude associated with the removal of vegetation cover result in degraded areas, observed ravines, laminar erosion, and furrows. Changes in land use and cover between 2013 and 2020 occurred mainly in the replacement of various uses by agricultural areas, with a reduction in native vegetation and an increase in exposed soil, with the largest exchanges between pasture and arable classes. Potential soil loss was predominant in the weak classification, corresponding to 93.62% of the total study area. However, the estimate of real soil loss was concentrated in the light (53.24%), very high (16.20%) and high (9.75%) categories, observed in the areas adjacent to the water bodies and in relation to the high topographic values and erodibility. These data indicate the need for conservation practices and will serve as a basis for public policies implementation and other actions to properly plan and manage this resource, in addition, they will subsidize other studies.