EFEITOS DA VINHAÇA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NA MORFOLOGIA TESTICULAR DE ANUROS

Abstract

Brazil stands out as the largest producer of sugarcane in the world, which leads to the generation of large amounts of effluents, such as vinasse. Vinasse is the by-product produced in the sugar-alcohol industries, with a dark color and strong odor, being widely used in soil fertilization due to the large amount of organic matter and nutrients. However, vinasse application dosages must be measured according to the characteristics of each soil, due to its polluting characteristics. In this context, we evaluated the influence of different concentrations (GN, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) of sugarcane vinasse on testicular morphological and histological level of anurans of the species Leptodactylus fuscus, through the analysis of the weight and testis length, locular area and diameter, and area of spermatogenic cysts (spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatozoa) under different experimental conditions. Regarding the locular area, there was no difference between GN (natural group), CT (control), 25 and 50%. In contrast, these areas were both different by 75 and 100%. As for the diameter of these locules, the difference was between GN, 50, 75 and 100% and between CT and 75%. Considering the spermatogenic cysts individually, for the area of the primary spermatogonial cysts, GN, CT and 50% were similar, but different from 75%. As for the secondary spermatogonial cysts, the difference was between GN, CT and 25% and between CT and 100%. For primary spermatocytes, there was a difference between CT, 50 and 75% of vinasse. For secondary spermatocytes, both GN and CT showed a significant difference in relation to the exposure groups, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. And finally, in relation to sperm, there was a significant difference between the control group, 75 and 100% of vinasse. The observed responses indicate changes in testicular patterns, regarding the area occupied by the cells of the germ line when the animals are submitted to vinasse, allowing the conclusion that the exposure of L. fuscus to this contaminant can compromise the reproductive processes of anurans.