A UTILIZAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS MANIPULÁVEIS NO ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA

Abstract

Manipulable teaching materials (MD) can be one of the most important teaching resources in the teaching learning process. With these materials, the classes become more relaxed and dynamic, allowing an approximation of mathematical theory in practical verification through the manipulation of these materials. To this end, there are still teachers who seek the use of didactic materials as a way to solve problems in the classroom, who end up sinning by believing that only the use of didactic materials will be enough for the student to appropriate the knowledge/content, instead of rethinking their pedagogical practice. Thus, it is known that mathematics is fundamental for the performance of human activities, however, the teaching of this subject leaves a lot to be desired, becoming one of the big problems found in school. Regarding geometry, the greatest difficulties encountered by students are in understanding some definitions and abstractions of basic geometry. Furthermore, external evaluations such as the System for the Evaluation of Basic Education (Saeb), the Diagnostic Assessment of Learning (ADA), and the National High School Exam (Enem) itself, prove the deficiency in the teaching of geometry. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to guide and present methods for the use of teaching materials in geometry teaching for Basic Education. However, for the present study, descriptive and exploratory bibliographic research was used where studies were carried out in works such as: Fiorentini and Miorim (1990); Lorenzato (2006) and Pavanello (1993), in order to strengthen the writing and defend the idea of the benefits of using teaching materials in geometry teaching. Thus, we tried to answer some specific points related to the subject of manipulative teaching materials, such as their importance for teaching mathematics and the teacher's role in their use. Then, to propose some teaching materials as an experience report that can be used in teaching.