ELEVADA DIVERSIDADE E BAIXA ESTRUTURA GENÉTICA DE REMANESCENTES DE Hancornia speciosa Gomes EM DUAS FORMAÇÕES SAVÂNICAS DO BIOMA C ERRADO NO P ARQUE ESTADUAL DA S ERRA DE CALDAS NOVAS - GOIÁS

Abstract

Human actions over Cerrado biomes have been causing decline of several natural populations. To assist in strategies that can mitigate the deterioration of biodiversity, it is necessary to understand how the genetic diversity of native species is maintained under natural conditions, particularly in protected areas. This work aimed to evaluate the diversity and genetic structure of two population groups of Hancornia speciosa Gomes separated in two savanna formations of the Cerrado inside the State Park of Caldas Novas, Goiás. A sample was collected consisting of 45 individuals, 19 originated from the Cerrado Rupestre and 26 from the Cerrado Típico. Some population genetic parameters were calculated using 21 microsatellite markers. Both population groups showed high values of genetic diversity, observed heterozygosity and low values of inbreeding. The genetic differentiation between them was extremely low, ratifying the clusters inferred from genotypes of both population groups observed in the UPGMA and PCoA cluster analysis, which did not correspond with the physical location of the population samples. From the analysis made with STRUCTURE, a value of ∆K = 3 was obtained, even though there were no genetically separated groups, but a high proportion of mixture of three gene pools among all individuals. In this way, it was demonstrated, for the first time, a weak genetic structure between two population groups of mangabeira geographically close but located in two different savanna formations of the Cerrado within PESCAN. These results are relevant for the development of management strategies and conservation of the genetic diversity of natural mangabeira remnants.