ESTUDO DO COMPORTAMENTO DE TIJOLOS DE SOLO-CIMENTO COM SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE SOLO POR RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL

Abstract

The concern with sustainability and the tendency of scarcity of natural resources undergo the development of new materials, methods or production processes that minimize the negative effects on the environment. Construction waste is among the most degrading of the environment, and it is important to either reuse it. An alternative is the incorporation in the manufacture of cement bricks on the ground. There is a lack of studies that cover the influence of the characteristics of the different types of construction waste in the making of cement bricks, as they are collected in construction dumps, waste mixtures and construction waste, as is the case of concrete and ceramic material waste. In this work, the results of laboratory tests are presented, which aim to evaluate the possibility and the influence of the substitution of soil by three different types of construction waste, concrete waste, ceramic materials and mixtures in the manufacture of pressed bricks of soil-cement. Percentages of 20% and 40% of residues in relation to the soil mass were studied. The cement content was fixed for all studied compositions at 10% in relation to the soil-residue mixture. Tests of physical characterization of the soil and mixtures of soil residue were carried out. For the manufacture of hollow soil-cement bricks, use the hydraulic press. As the mechanical properties of the bricks were evaluated through the test of resistance to absorption, water absorption and resistance at 28 days of age. According to the results of the tests carried out, it was found that as replacements of soil by the three types of residues, they provided improvements in the mechanical properties of soil-cement bricks. All studied soil-waste compositions meet the normative requirements for making bricks used in the sealing system. The separation of construction waste did not benefit the mechanical behavior of soil-cement bricks. Among the three types of waste studied, the mixed waste proves to be the most viable, as it uses a greater amount of disposal materials in its composition and less processes involved in the best results. The reuse of waste reduces the volume discarded in nature and provides the best quality brick waste.