A PERSPECTIVA DO DISCENTE E OS FATORES DE EVASÃO ESCOLAR: ESTUDO DE CASO NO INSTITUTO FEDERAL GOIANO

Abstract

The present thesis was developed in the Graduate Program in Professional and Technological Education (ProfEPT), offered by Instituto Federal Goiano and aimed to identify the motivations and expectations of students when entering the institution, as well as verifying with the evaded students which factors led them to drop out of the course. The study used a qualitative and quantitative methodological approach of case study type. The participants were students from the first year of Integrated High School (freshmen), entering in 2020, from the courses: Agriculture, Computing for Internet and Environment, offered by Campus Ceres; Agriculture, Foods and Computing, offered by Campus Morrinhos, as well as students who dropped out in the first year of 2018 and 2019 from these respective courses and campuses. In addition to these, members of Comissões Locais de Permanência e Êxito of Campus Ceres and Campus Morrinhos were also included. The methodological procedures used were bibliographical, documental, and field research. The analysis of the collected information was performed aiming the interpretation of the data in order to support the study’s considerations. The results of the research with freshmen students were, in general, similar in the two campuses regarding the motivations for choosing the institution. For freshmen students, the main motivations were due to quality free high school education, with the intention to prepare themselves to enter a higher education course and the influence of family and/or friends. Concerning the research with dropout students, the results were similar. The main factors mentioned for the choice were the institution’s reputation and tradition in the region and the availability of a free cafeteria for students. Regarding the choice of the course, it was found that, for both freshman and dropout students, identification with the technical area of the course was the main factor indicated, followed by the perspectives of the labor marked. In terms of expectation, it is noticed that freshmen have high expectations in relation to the institution, the chosen course and the labor market. The research with dropout students showed that there are several reasons that led to the drop out of the institution, and the factors are related to aspects that are individual, internal and external to the institution. In the analysis of the focus groups carried out with Comissões Locais de Permanência e Êxito, it was possible to notice that both commissions have been developing and implementing actions in combating school dropout. However, we noticed that some actions must be improved, and others still need to be implemented in order to provide greater effectiveness in mitigating the evasion. In this regard, the educational product developed as a result of this research aims to support the implementation of the work of the Comissões de Permanência e Êxito and propose actions to minimize the occurrence of this phenomenon in the Technical Professional Educational of a High School Level, whether at Instituto Federal Goiano or in other institutions which compose the Professional and Technological Education network.