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ALTERAÇÃO DE USO DA TERRA NA REGIÃO MATOPIBA E A RELAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA E ESTOQUE DE CARBONO ORGÂNICO DO SOLO NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO DESIDÉRIO-BA

Fri, 26 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: ALTERAÇÃO DE USO DA TERRA NA REGIÃO MATOPIBA E A RELAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA E ESTOQUE DE CARBONO ORGÂNICO DO SOLO NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO DESIDÉRIO-BA Autor(es): Cardoso, Carlos Antônio dos Santos Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Primeiro Membro da Banca: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Segundo Membro da Banca: Machado, Roriz Luciano Terceiro Membro da Banca: Batista, Pedro Henrique Dias Abstract: The MATOPIBA region, encompassing parts of the Brazilian States (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia) has become one of the country’s main agricultural frontiers. This process has led to intense landscape transformation, marked by the rapid conversion of native vegetation into mechanized agricultural areas. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of land occupation and use in the MATOPIBA region from 1985 to 2023 with a particular focus on the municipality of São Desidério, Bahia (BA), a major hub of irrigated agriculture. Additionally, the study investigated the expansion of center pivot irrigation and its relationship with Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) stocks and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The methodological approach combined remote sensing products and Landsat time series processed through the MapBiomas plataform, and multitemporal statistical analyses, including the Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s Slope estimator. Data from the MapBiomas Solo database were also used to assess changes in organic carbon stocks across different classes (0–10; 10–20; 20–30; 30–40; 40–50; 50–60; 60–70; 70–80, and >80 t ha⁻¹). The data indicated a pronounced reduction in native vegetation cover and in land-use mosaics across the MATOPIBA region, with a statistically significant trend of loss (τ<0; p<0.001). In contrast, mechanized agriculture expanded rapidly, particulary soybean cultivation (+8,737 ha/year⁻¹) and cotton (+1,479 ha/year⁻¹). A strengthening core of irrigated agricultural production was identified in the São Desidério municipality, supported by the rapid expansion of center pivot irrigation systems (τ=0.989; Sen’s slope=+1,200 ha/year⁻¹). Conversely, water-related land cover classes showed an average reduction of -29 ha/year⁻¹, indicating increasing pressure on the Urucuia aquifer. Regarding to organic carbon, a redistribution of SOC stocks was found as characterized by annual decreases of -882 ha in the >80 t ha⁻¹ class and -138 ha in the 70-80 t ha⁻¹ class, accompanied by an expansion of intermediate classes, especially the 60-70 t ha⁻¹ category (+510 ha/year⁻¹). Comparisons between irrigated and non-irrigated areas indicated that mean SOC stocks (t ha-1) remained consistently higher in irrigated areas, with a stable relative difference raging from 47% to 66%. NDVI results showed low values in areas where native vegetation was removed during the initial phase of agricultural expansion. However, NDVI values increased after 2010, especially in irrigated agricultural areas. These findings suggested that center pivot irrigation contributes to greater stability of soil carbon stocks in sandy soils. Nevertheless, irrigation alone is insufficient to sustain high SOC levels without the implementation of conservation practices, such as no-tillage systems, crop rotation, and permanent soil cover. Overall, the results highlights the MATOPIBA region, particularly São Desidério, as a crucial centers of Brazilian agriculture, where high agricultural productivity is closely linked to significant social and environmental challenges. Irrigation emerges as a crucial factor in maintaining intermediate carbon stocks and enhance production resilience. However, its maximum effectiveness depends on integration with sustainable land management practices and public policies that reconcile food security, environmental conservation, and climate change mitigation. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of combining mean indicators, class-based distributions, and annual maps for regional and municipal-scale monitoring, supporting both scientific debate and the development of public policies related to irrigated agriculture and carbon markets in Brazil. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Dissertação

DINÂMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA COBERTURA E USO DA TERRA NO CENTRO-OESTE BRASILEIRO (1985–2023): PRESSÕES CLIMÁTICAS E ANTRÓPICAS, IMPACTOS HÍDRICOS E IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO

Wed, 24 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: DINÂMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA COBERTURA E USO DA TERRA NO CENTRO-OESTE BRASILEIRO (1985–2023): PRESSÕES CLIMÁTICAS E ANTRÓPICAS, IMPACTOS HÍDRICOS E IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO Autor(es): Ferreira, Mateus Rodrigues Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Primeiro Membro da Banca: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Segundo Membro da Banca: Oliveira, Henrique Fonseca Elias de Terceiro Membro da Banca: Silva, Marcos Vinícius da Abstract: This study addresses the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and land cover (LULC) in the Brazilian Midwest, encompassing the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Goiás from 1985 to 2023. The main objectives were to identify conversion patterns among land use classes, assess temporal trends, and explore the implications of these changes, regarding water resources and regional sustainability. Historical Landsat series harmonized with the MapBiomas dataset (Collection 9) were processed in the Google Earth Engine environment with statistical trend tests (Mann–Kendall and Sen’s Slope) applied at the state level. The results showed accelerated conversion of natural formations into agricultural, silvicultural, and livestock activities, resulting in a significant reduction of forest areas and water resources. Mato Grosso State exhibited strong expansion of agricultural and pastureland, while Mato Grosso do Sul State recorded substantial forest loss associated with silvicultural growth. Goiás State presented an expressive increase in agriculture oscillating in water areas associated with both reservoirs and climatic variability. Statistical analyses showed significant trends with Sen’s slope coefficients indicating negative annual rates for forests and water resources, and positive rates for pasture and agriculture, often at a 99% confidence level (p<0.01). Despite the inherent limitations in the use of remote sensing products and the statistical nature of the analyses, the findings underscore the urgency of conservation and water management policies, especially in light of intensified anthropogenic and climatic pressures. In practical terms, the results may support land-use planning, the definition of restoration targets, and the formulation of water management instruments tailored to each state. This study also highlights the need to integrate historical satellite series, process-based hydrological modeling, and field validation to strengthen the scientific foundation of future recommendations. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Dissertação

FLORAÇÃO DE PITAYA NO CERRADO COM A APLICAÇÃO DE REGULADORES DE CRESCIMENTO NO FINAL DA ENTRESSAFRA

Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: FLORAÇÃO DE PITAYA NO CERRADO COM A APLICAÇÃO DE REGULADORES DE CRESCIMENTO NO FINAL DA ENTRESSAFRA Autor(es): Carvalho, Alexson Pantaleão Machado Primeiro Orientador: Sousa, Cleiton Mateus Abstract: Flowering of pitaya in the Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah) biome with the application of growth regulators at the end of the off-season. Advisor: Prof. Dr. Sousa, Cleiton Mateus. The cultivation of pitaya has increased in Brazil. However, , which causes wide price fluctuation in the market. The cultivated varieties have period of long days, and production concentrates from November to May. There are not yet strategies to scale up its production in Brazil. In some countries, artificial lighting supplementation is used to scale up production. On the other hand, the use of growth regulators allows to control flowering under non-inductive natural conditions. Thus, understanding the action of gibberellin on pitaya flowering can significantly contribute to develop management strategies to scale pitaya fruiting in the Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah) of Goiás State, Brazil. Assim, avaliou-se os efeitos da aplicação de GA3 e paclobutrazol no final da entressafra sobre a floração e a frutificação da pitaya. Therefore, the effects of applying GA3 and paclobutrazol at the end of the off-season on pitaya flowering and fruiting were evaluated. Paclobutrazol completely inhibited pitaya fruiting, showing a prolonged residual effect, as the plants did not flower in the harvest period. Regarding the use of GA3, new studies are needed on the form, timing, and application dose to obtain better responses in scaling pitaya fruiting. Keywords: Dragon fruit. Growth regulators. Seasonality. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Dissertação

SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO ORBITAL E ANÁLISE DE TENDÊNCIA NAS MUDANÇAS DA COBERTURA E USO DA TERRA NO VALE DO SÃO PATRÍCIO AO LONGO DE QUATRO DÉCADAS

Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO ORBITAL E ANÁLISE DE TENDÊNCIA NAS MUDANÇAS DA COBERTURA E USO DA TERRA NO VALE DO SÃO PATRÍCIO AO LONGO DE QUATRO DÉCADAS Autor(es): Lemes Filho, Mauro Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Primeiro Membro da Banca: Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Segundo Membro da Banca: Carvalho, Ailton Alves de Terceiro Membro da Banca: Silva, Marcos Vinicius da Abstract: The Brazilian Cerrado (Savanna) has undergone intense transformations in recent decades due to climate change, agricultural expansion, and socioeconomic pressures, which have triggered high levels of deforestation, resulting in significant changes in the land cover and in land use in the region. In this context, the Vale do São Patrício, a Cerrado region in Goiás State, Brazil, stands out for its agricultural and environmental importance, encompassing twenty-four municipalities, making it a strategic area for multitemporal analysis and monitoring of surface changes. This research aimed to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of land cover in the Vale do São Patrício from 1985 to 2023 through orbital remote sensing. This study used the MapBiomas geospatial data product, including the 9.0 land cover data collection, based on Landsat satellite images with a spatial resolution of 30 m. Automatic image processing was carried out on the Google Earth Engine platform through cloud-based digital processing combined with the Random Forest algorithm. Annual thematic maps of surface changes over time were produced, allowing quantitative pixel-by-pixel extraction from the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) product. The analyses included descriptive and dispersion statistics, the application of a nonparametric test, and the Mann-Kendall temporal trend test at a 5% significance level. Vegetation indices were also calculated to assess the spatiotemporal distribution patterns and quantitative variability of natural vegetation cover and agricultural areas. R (v.4.4.0) and QGIS (v.3.36) software were also applied for trend analysis and thematic maps production, respectively. The results showed a significant upward trend in agricultural-related classes, along with a reduction in native forests, with an average annual loss of 974.74 ha throughout the temporal analysis. This trend became particularly evident from the 1990s onward, reflecting the intensification of the agricultural occupation process. The Mann-Kendall test confirmed a significant upward trend (p-value<0.05) for agricultural areas, with annual gains of 1,046.52 ha for soybean and 2,345.31 ha for sugarcane. On the other hand, no significant trend was identified in pasture areas, showing signs of stability. Both Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) revealed the predominance of agricultural areas and the fragmentation of forest areas. SAVI was more sensitive for detecting bodies of water and areas of exposed soil. The intense transformation of the landscape in the Vale do São Patrício was driven by agricultural expansion at the expense of native vegetation. This dynamic intensifies environmental impacts, showing the area's increasing vulnerability and the need for sustainable territorial planning strategies. Remote sensing monitoring is needed to support the development of public policies focus on regional sustainability. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Dissertação