https://repositorio.ifgoiano.edu.br/handle/prefix/5853 2026-06-23T18:31:03Z https://repositorio.ifgoiano.edu.br/handle/prefix/6690 Título: AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL BIOHERBICIDA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DAS FOLHAS DE Eugenia dysenterica (MART.) DC Autor(es): Vilela, Ailyn de Oliveira Primeiro Orientador: Burger, Marcela Carmen de Melo Abstract: Weed control represents a critical challenge in agriculture, accounting for estimated losses of about 34% in global productivity. Although the use of synthetic herbicides remains the predominant strategy, increasing environmental concerns and the emergence of resistance in invasive plants have driven the search for bioherbicides based on natural metabolites. In this context, essential oils emerge as promising sources of phytotoxic compounds capable of interfering with vital processes such as photosynthesis. The present study evaluated the bioherbicidal potential of the essential oil from the leaves of Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC, a species native to the Brazilian Cerrado with recognized ecological and phytochemical relevance. The plant material was collected in Rianápolis, Goiás, Brazil, and the oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical characterization was performed using GC/MS and revealed the predominance of (E)- caryophyllene, myrcene, α-humulene, β-selinene, and (E)-β-ocimene. Phytotoxic activity was analyzed through chlorophyll a fluorescence assays in leaf discs of Spinacia oleracea. The results demonstrated that the essential oil of E. dysenterica causes severe damage to the photosynthetic apparatus in a dose-dependent manner, through a drastic reduction in performance indices (PIABS and PICSo) and in electron transport flux (ET0/CS0), as well as through the deactivation of reaction centers (RC/CS0). At concentrations above 100 mg L-1, its efficacy was comparable to the commercial herbicide DCMU. The inhibitory effects suggest direct interference with Photosystem II (PSII), possibly through blockage of electron transport at the quinone acceptor site. Therefore, it is concluded that the essential oil of E. dysenterica has significant potential for the development of bioinputs aimed at the sustainable management of weeds, combining biological efficiency with reduced environmental impacts. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-03-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ifgoiano.edu.br/handle/prefix/6680 Título: ECONOMIA DA FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO EM ESPÉCIES DE FEIJÃO COMUM, CAUPI E MUNGO NO BRASIL Autor(es): Silvestre, Danilo Augusto Primeiro Orientador: Tavares, Germanna Gouveia Abstract: Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a key factor in ensuring the sustainability of agricultural production and food security. This study aimed to estimate the economic savings generated by BNF in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and mung bean (Vigna radiata) production systems. Data on crop area, production, and productivity were obtained from the Brazilian Agricultural Censuses of 2006 and 2017. We estimated the amount of N (as urea) required to produce 1,000 kg of grain for each bean species in the absence of inoculation. The contribution of BNF to the N supply of each legume species was obtained from studies using the 15N natural abundance method. The economic benefits generated by BNF reached US$ 6 million for mung bean, US$ 59 million for cowpea, and US$ 119 million for common bean in 2017. The savings generated by BNF per hectare cultivated with common bean increased by 40% in 2017 compared with 2006, mainly due to the significant 64% increase in grain yield of this crop. Between 2006 and 2017, BNF maintained common bean as the main CO₂e-mitigating species, with stable values around 1.2 million tCO₂e. In contrast, cowpea showed a marked decline, from 1.22 million to 0.50 million tCO₂e, while mung bean decreased from 167 thousand to only 46 thousand tCO₂e, indicating a substantial reduction in the contribution of these species over the study period. This study highlights the importance of BNF in the production of these legume species, enabling reductions in nitrogen fertilizer use, increasing economic savings, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in these production systems, thereby contributing to the sustainability of agricultural production. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ifgoiano.edu.br/handle/prefix/6648 Título: DIAGNÓSTICO DA ATUAÇÃO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES FEDERAIS DE ENSINO, PESQUISA E EXTENSÃO NA CADEIA DE BIOINSUMOS NAS MESORREGIÕES DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS Autor(es): Freitas, Wbegne Ferreira de Primeiro Orientador: Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes Abstract: This study aimed to diagnose the scenario of production, research, and extension activities related to bioinputs in federal teaching, research, and extension institutions located in the mesoregions of the State of Goiás, Brazil. For this purpose, a documentary survey was conducted between 2020 and 2025 through the analysis of institutional sources and technicalscientific records. The diagnosis revealed a growing institutional support network, highlighting the planned establishment of 13 units linked to the State Bioinputs Program and to the Center of Excellence in Bioinputs (Cebio), including Bioinput Reference Units and Technology Transfer Units. Four federal institutions — the Federal Goiano Institute (IF Goiano), the Federal Institute of Goiás (IFG), the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), and Embrapa Rice and Beans — were identified as actively developing initiatives related to the production of bioinputs and the multiplication of microorganisms for biological pest control. Human resource training was also highlighted through the specialization course in bioinputs offered at nine campuses of IF Goiano. Regional differences were identified regarding institutional infrastructure, agricultural production intensity, access to rural credit, and technological diffusion capacity, with the South Goiás mesoregion presenting the highest concentration of initiatives and support structures. Gaps were also observed in the articulation between extension activities and productive chains, as well as limitations in the access of small-scale farmers located in remote areas to technological innovation. Therefore, the study recommends strengthening regional productive chains through integrated public policies, expanding biofactory infrastructure in less assisted mesoregions, and promoting extension programs capable of enhancing the connection between institutions and rural producers. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-05-29T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ifgoiano.edu.br/handle/prefix/6631 Título: AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL ANTAGÔNICO DE CEPAS DE Trichoderma sp. NO CONTROLE DE Macrophomina phaseolina Autor(es): Rocha, Tiago Atta Primeiro Orientador: Santos, Bruno Barboza dos Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic potential of three Trichoderma sp. strains (P3, P10, and P6) in controlling Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal agent of root and stem rot in maize (Zea mays). The experiment was conducted at the Microbiology and Phytopathology Laboratory of the Agricultural Research Institute of the Cerrado (IPAC), in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil. The technique used was the dual culture method on PDA medium. The evaluation with isolate P10 showed the highest control capacity, colonizing 100% of the culture medium surface and inhibiting the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina. Isolates P3 and P6 showed promising results, although not equivalent to isolate P10. The results demonstrate the potential of these strains under laboratory conditions, reinforcing the importance of continuing studies in greenhouse and field environments to determine which of the three strains is most effective in controlling Macrophomina phaseolina. Editor: Instituto Federal Goiano Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-10-18T00:00:00Z