A EVOLUÇÃO DA ARQUITETURA DE SERVIDORES: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE ARQUITETURA MONOLÍTICA E MICROSSERVIÇOS

Abstract

The evolution of computers has occurred rapidly with constant changes. The same goes for servers, responsible for managing web information. Initially, they were local machines, but over time, they transformed into large data centers capable of connecting people around the world. With the increase in users, new technologies emerged, such as virtual machines and containers, with the aim of optimizing the use of server hardware. Monolithic servers became limited due to high hardware consumption, and to overcome this problem, virtual machines emerged, which aimed to segregate web application services to share the physical server’s resources. However, as Virtual Machines demanded significant hardware resources, containers emerged, offering a simpler approach by sharing the server’s kernel and not simulating a complete operating system like virtual machines. With the advent of containers, it became necessary to develop new technologies to orchestrate and manage them. Therefore, this research aims to provide a literature review to compare the evolution of server architecture, highlighting the main tools used to improve hardware performance. Understanding these technologies is crucial for disseminating knowledge and applying it in new web applications and legacy servers.