PLANTAS DE COBERTURA E AGENTES DE BIOCONTROLE NO MANEJO DE NEMATOIDES NA CULTURA DO MILHO

Abstract

Seeking alternatives for the management of nematodes, a study was conducted evaluating the implementation of cover crops (Crotalaria spectabilis, Raphanus sativus, Pennisetum glaucum and Urochloa ruziziensis) treated with Trichoderma asperellum, preceding the corn crop. 93 days after the planting of the cover species, the desiccation of the plant material was made and the plots were subdivided and the corn treated with Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus methylotrophicus was planted. At 45 and 90 days after sowing, the nematode population in 100 cm³ of soil and 10g of roots and the productivity of the crop were analyzed. On the 45th day, the lowest soil nematode incidence of Pratylenchus brachyurus and Heterodera glycines was observed in the plots cultivated with ADRG9050 millet. For roots, plots grown with turnip rape and C. spectabilis provided lower nematode populations. At day 90, the lowest population incidence of Helicotylenchus sp. and Pratylenchus brachyurus in the soil, were found in the plots grown with C. spectabilis and in the roots in fallow and with biological. With the biologically treated corn, the cover crops multiplying P. brachyurus showed sensible increases in productivity, which was not noticed in the cover crops not hosting the nematode (Crotalaria and millet). The biological treatment, provided up to 94.08% increase.